How diamonds are cut

Cutting and polishing determine the brilliance of diamonds. Every facet needs a lot of time of professional craftsman, and the smallest mistake will make the diamond's value drop sharply. Every craftsman, while giving life to diamonds, is also the highest embodiment of their skilled craftsmanship. Cutting and polishing experts make full use of their own technology and experience to ensure that the cutting process of each diamond meets the standard of "VG (very good)" or above.

 

 

1 Scoring
Scoring is also called marking, which is to mark the diamond surface. This is the first step of diamond cutting. First check the drill blank and mark the diamond surface. The person who does this work has rich experience and is proficient in processing technology. The ultimate goal is to produce the largest, cleanest and most perfect diamonds, so as to reflect the value of diamonds as high as possible. The scribe must pay attention to two points: keep the original weight as much as possible, and reduce the contents as much as possible.

 

The scriber uses a magnifying glass to study the structure of the drill blank. If it is a large diamond, this work may take several months, while for ordinary drill blank, it will take several minutes. However, no matter how small the drill blank is, each diamond should be carefully checked to make a correct judgment.

 

The scribe marks the drill blank with Indian ink, indicating that the drill blank is to be divided along this line. The scribing skill should follow the diamond texture direction as far as possible.

 

2. Cutting of raw stone: splitting and sawing

Cutting:

The cutting cutter places the lined drill blank on the sleeve frame, then cuts a dent along the dividing line with another diamond, then puts the tool on the dent, and hammers it on the cleaver with a suitable force. The diamond will be split into two or more pieces along the texture direction.

 

Saw cutting:

Most diamonds are not suitable for splitting, so it is necessary to cut them with a saw. Because only diamonds can cut diamonds, the saw blade is a phosphor bronze round blade coated with diamond powder and lubricant on the edge. The diamond is fixed on the clamp, and the saw plate rotates at high speed to cut the diamond. The introduction of modern laser technology into diamond cutting has greatly improved the processing efficiency of drill blanks.

 

Forming:

The sawn or split diamonds are then sent to the rounding department for rounding and forming, that is, the diamonds are made into common cutting patterns such as round, heart-shaped, oval, cup-shaped, emerald, or other special shapes according to the design requirements. Because diamonds are the hardest natural materials recognized by human beings so far, only diamonds can be polished, and the hardness of diamonds in different directions is slightly different.

 

3 Flapping and polishing
On a cast iron disc coated with diamond powder and lubricating oil, the car grinds all the facets (facets) to make the diamond give out attractive luster. The grinding process usually involves making 8 large faces on the bottom layer and then 16 facets. With a sharp bottom, there are 25 facets in total, and the triangular facet, kite facet and waist facet, a total of 33 facets, so that a round diamond has 58 facets, and if there is no small facet with a bottom tip, there are 57 facets in total.

Not every drill blank must go through all the above processes, which depends on the characteristics of the drill blank and the goal to be achieved. For example, the "flat" drill blank may not need to be cut, and for example, the "round" process is not necessary to process emerald diamonds. However, for any rough diamond, there are two processes that are essential, that is, "scribing", "flapping and polishing". The position and angle of the petal produced by a finely cut diamond are accurately calculated, which makes the diamond shine the most.