Research status of diamond grinding wheel with vitrified bond

Diamond grinding wheel is the most widely used processing tool in grinding technology. According to different kinds of bond, diamond grinding wheel can generally be divided into resin-bonded diamond grinding wheel, ceramic-bonded diamond grinding wheel and metal-bonded diamond grinding wheel. Ceramic-bonded diamond grinding wheel has higher elastic modulus and lower fracture toughness, its bonding strength is higher than resin-bonded diamond grinding wheel, and its self-sharpening is better than metal-bonded diamond grinding wheel. It is widely used in processing composite, cemented carbide, glass, ceramics and other materials. This paper aims to make a brief summary of the research work on resin-bonded diamond grinding wheel, ceramic-bonded diamond grinding wheel and metal-bonded diamond grinding wheel at home and abroad in recent years.

The ceramic-bonded diamond wheel has higher elastic modulus and lower fracture toughness, its bonding strength is higher than that of resin-bonded diamond wheel, and its self-sharpening is better than that of metal-bonded diamond wheel. In recent years, ceramic-bonded diamond grinding wheels have been widely used in the processing of composites, cemented carbide, glass, ceramics and other materials, and are the focus of research at home and abroad.

Russia and other Eastern European countries have developed a ceramic bonded diamond wheel hot pressing process, which reduces the oxidation phenomenon of diamond wheel during high temperature sintering. The advantages of this process are low sintering temperature, short holding time, small thermal damage of diamond, and greatly improved overall performance of the grinding wheel after sintering.

 

Akimoto Hashimoto of Japan proposed to use MgO, K20, B203, Si02, Na20, Al203 and other raw materials to prepare ceramic bond. In a corrosive atmosphere, the temperature of the low temperature ceramic bond diamond wheel is 680 ° C, and the temperature is 4-5 hours. The wheel can be used for grinding engineering ceramics and ferrites, and has excellent grinding performance. Noritake Company of Japan added Zn0 to the R20-B203-Al203-Si02 glass based bond to prepare the glass-ceramic bonded diamond grinding wheel. The glass-ceramic bond in the grinding wheel has good mechanical properties and has a large holding force on diamond particles.

 

The University of Tokyo, Japan, has developed a ceramic bonded grinding wheel with micro diamond and cubic boron nitride as abrasives by using the sol gel technology, which can process products with nanometer precision. Tyrolit of Austria and Norton of the United States use Li20-Al203-Si02 system glass-ceramics as the bonding agent, the sintering temperature is 800-900 ° C, and the sintered abrasive tool is subject to special heat treatment process.

 

The glass-ceramics bonding agent in the abrasive tool has a strong grip on diamond abrasive, and has been successfully applied to the grinding of polycrystalline diamond tools. The German KrebsKiedel company uses ABN800 of De Beers company as abrasive to prepare a new type of ceramic grinding wheel with large pores.

 

This new type of ceramic grinding wheel can reduce the amount of binder and achieve the purpose of abrasive grain layout by controlling the structure of naturally formed pores and artificially synthesized pores.

Russia has developed a new type of closed multi-pore ceramic grinding wheel. This new type of ceramic grinding wheel uses nonflammable foaming agent as pore-forming agent and SiC and Al203 as abrasive particles, opening up a new way of green and environment-friendly grinding wheel preparation technology, which can be used for processing heat-resistant steel, silver alloy, fire-resistant steel, magnetic materials, etc.

 

The large-pore slow-feed ceramic grinding wheel, ceramic bonded CBN grinding wheel and microcrystalline sintered ceramic abrasive grinding wheel produced by WINTHERTHUR, Switzerland, are mainly used for precision grinding. For example, the large-pore slow-feed ceramic grinding wheel can be used for the grinding of turbine blades, and the precision gear can be processed by the roll grinding method, partial roll grinding method and form grinding method. A Vortex technology was developed in Saint-Gobain, France, to prepare a new type of ceramic CBN grinding wheel, and a new type of ceramic grinding wheel with multiple holes and openings was also prepared using Carbon Cool technology.